From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.
Aldosterone is a steroid synthesized in the mid-section of the adrenal cortex of the adrenal gland. It helps regulate the body's electrolyte balance by acting on the mineralocorticoid receptor (MR).
Unlike neuroreceptors, classic steroid receptors are located inside of cells. The aldosterone/MR receptor binds to hormone response elements (HRE) of the DNA that alter protein synthesis and the transcription of messenger RNA, including serum and glucocorticoid-induced kinase, channel-inducing factor, K-ras2A, and three subunits of the epithelial sodium channel. These genes are important for transepithelial sodium transport.
Aldosterone is synthesized in reaction to increases of angiotensin II or plasma potassium, which are present in proportion to sodium deficiencies.
Enzymes synthesize aldosterone from cholesterol in the zona glomerulosa of the adrenal cortex.
