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From 1580 to 1764, the Council of Four Lands (Va'ad Arba' Aratzot) in Lublin, Poland was the central body of Jewish authority in Poland. 70 delegates from local kehillot met to discuss taxation and other issues important to the Jewish community. The "four lands" were Great Poland, Little Poland, Ruthenia and Lithuania.
The terms "Council of Three Lands" and "Council of Five Lands" have also been used for the same body. In the latter case the fifth region is Volhynia.
