From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.
This article is part of theSixteen Kingdoms series. |
Han Zhao |
Cheng Han |
Later Zhao |
Former Liang |
Later Liang |
Southern Liang |
Western Liang |
Northern Liang |
Former Qin |
Later Qin |
Western Qin |
Former Yan |
Later Yan |
Southern Yan |
Northern Yan |
Western Yan |
Ran Min |
Tuoba |
Yuwen |
Duan |
Tiefu |
Chouchi |
Dingling |
The Former Liang (Chinese character: 前凉, Hanyu pinyin Qián Liáng) (320-376) was a state of the Sixteen Kingdoms during the Jin Dynasty (265-420) in China. It was founded by the Zhang family of the Han Chinese. The Later Zhao was the second in territories to the Former Qin that once unified Northern China under Fu Jian. Its territories included Gansu and parts of Ningxia, Shaanxi, Qinghai and Xinjiang.
All rulers of the Former Liang remained titularly under the court of the Jin Dynasty (265-420) except Zhang Zuo who proclaimed himself "wang".
| Temple names | Posthumous names | Family names and given name | Durations of reigns | Era names and their according durations |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Chinese convention: use family and given names | ||||
| Did not exist | Cheng (成 Chéng) | Zhang Mao (張茂 Zhāng Mào) | 320-324 | Jianxing (建興 Jiànxīng) 320-324 |
| Did not exist | Zhongcheng (忠成 Zhōngchéng) | Zhang Jun (張駿 Zhāng Jùn} | 324-346 | Jianxing (建興 Jiànxīng) 324-346 |
| Did not exist | Huan (桓 Huán) | Zhang Chonghua (張重華 Zhāng Chónghuá) | 346-353 | Jianxing (建興 Jiànxīng) 346-353 |
| Did not exist | Ai (哀 āi) | Zhang Yaoling (張曜靈 Zhāng Yàolíng) | 3 months (the ninth to the twelfth month) in 353 | Jianxing (建興 Jiànxīng) 353 |
| Did not exist | King Wei (威王 Wēi Wáng) | Zhang Zuo (張祚 Zhāng Zuò) | 353-355 | Jianxing (建興 Jiànxīng) 353-354Heping (和平 Hépíng) 354-355 |
| Did not exist | Jingdao (敬悼 Jìngdào) or Chong (沖 Chōng) | Zhang Xuanjing (張玄靖 Zhāng Xuánjìng) | 355-363 | Jianxing (建興 Jiànxīng) 355-361Shengping (升平 Shēngpíng) 361-363 |
| Did not exist | Dao (悼 Dào) | Zhang Tianxi (張天錫 Zhāng Tiānxí) | 364-376 | Shengping (升平 Shēngpíng) 364-376 |
