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Wikipedia: Hello world program
Hello world program
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.

A "hello world" program is a computer program that simply prints out "Hello, world!". It is used in many introductory tutorials for teaching a programming language and many students use it as their first programming experience in a language. A "hello world" program is typically one of the simpler programs possible in a computer language. Some are surprisingly complex, especially in some Graphical User Interface (GUI) contexts. Some others are surprisingly simple, especially those which heavily rely on a particular shell to perform the actual output.

A "hello world" program can be a useful sanity test to make sure that a language's compiler, development environment, and run-time environment are correctly installed. Configuring a complete programming tool chain from scratch to the point where even trivial programs can be compiled and run may involve substantial amounts of work. For this reason, a simple program is used first when testing a new tool chain.

While small test programs existed since the development of programmable computers, the tradition of using the phrase "Hello, world!" as the test message was influenced by an example program in the book The C Programming Language, by Brian Kernighan and Dennis Ritchie. The example program from that book prints "hello, world" (i.e., no capital letters, no exclamation sign).

A collection of "hello world" programs written in various computer languages can serve as a simple "Rosetta Stone" to assist in learning and comparing the languages.

Here are some examples in different languages:

Line-oriented (aka Console)

ABC

   WRITE "Hello World"

Ada

   with Ada.Text_Io; use Ada.Text_Io;
   procedure Hello is
   begin
      Put_Line ("Hello, world!");
   end Hello;

AmigaE

   PROC main()
      WriteF('Hello, World!')
   ENDPROC

APL

   'Hello World'

Assembly language

Accumulator-only architecture: DEC PDP-8, PAL-III assembler

See the example section of the PDP-8 article.

First successful µP/OS combinations: Intel 8080/Zilog Z80, CP/M, RMAC assembler

   bdos    equ    0005H    ; BDOS entry point
   start:  mvi    c,9      ; BDOS function: output string
           lxi    d,msg$   ; address of msg
           call   bdos
           ret             ; return to CCP

msg$: db 'Hello, world!$' end start

Accumulator + index register machine: MOS 6502, CBM KERNAL, ca65 assembler

   MSG:   .ASCIIZ "Hello, world!"
           LDX    #0
           LDA    MSG,X    ; load initial char
   @LP:    JSR    $FFD2    ; chrout
           INX
           LDA    MSG,X
           BNE    @LP
           RTS

Accumulator/Index microcoded machine: Data General Nova, RDOS

See the example section of the Nova article.

Expanded accumulator machine: Intel x86, MS-DOS, TASM

   MODEL   SMALL
   IDEAL
   STACK   100H

DATASEG MSG DB 'Hello, world!$'

CODESEG MOV AX, @data MOV DS, AX MOV DX, OFFSET MSG MOV AH, 09H ; DOS: output ASCII$ string INT 21H MOV AX, 4C00H INT 21H END

General-purpose-register CISC: DEC PDP-11, RT-11, MACRO-11

  .MCALL  .REGDEF,.TTYOUT,.EXIT
          .REGDEF

HELLO: MOV #MSG,R1 MOVB (R1),R0 LOOP: .TTYOUT MOVB +(R1),R0 BNE LOOP .EXIT

MSG: .ASCIZ /HELLO, WORLD!/ .END HELLO

CISC on advanced multiprocessing OS: VAX, VMS, MACRO32

        .title hello
term_name:      .ascid /SYS$INPUT/
term_chan:      .blkw 1
out_iosb:       .blkq 1
msg:    .asciz  /Hello, world!/

.entry start,0

; establish a channel for terminal I/O $assign_s devnam=term_name,- chan=term_chan blbc r0,error

; queue the I/O request $qio_s chan=term_chan,- func=#io$_writevblk,- iosb=out_iosb,- p1=msg,- p2=#13 blbc r0,error

$exit_s ; normal exit

error: halt ; error condition

.end start

RISC machine: ARM, RISC OS, BBC BASIC Assembler

.program

        ADR R0,message
        SWI "OS_Write0"
        SWI "OS_Exit"
.message
        DCS "Hello, world!"
        DCB 0
        ALIGN

AWK

   BEGIN { print "Hello, world!" }

BASIC

MS BASIC (traditional, unstructured)

   10 PRINT "Hello, world!"
   20 END

TI-BASIC

   :Disp "Hello, world!"

StarOffice/OpenOffice Basic

   sub main
       print "Hello, World"
   end sub

Structured BASIC

   print "Hello, world!"

BCPL

   GET "LIBHDR"

LET START () BE $( WRITES ("Hello, world!*N") $)

BLISS

   %TITLE 'HELLO_WORLD'
   MODULE HELLO_WORLD (IDENT='V1.0', MAIN=HELLO_WORLD,
           ADDRESSING_MODE (EXTERNAL=GENERAL)) =
   BEGIN

LIBRARY 'SYS$LIBRARY:STARLET';

EXTERNAL ROUTINE LIB$PUT_OUTPUT;

GLOBAL ROUTINE HELLO_WORLD = BEGIN

LIB$PUT_OUTPUT(%ASCID %STRING('Hello World!')) END;

END ELUDOM

C

   #include 

int main(void) { printf("Hello, world!\\n"); return 0; }

C++

   #include 

int main() { std::cout << "Hello, world!\\n"; }

C#

   class HelloWorldApp {
    public static void Main() {
       System.Console.WriteLine("Hello, world!");
    }
   }

Clean

   module hello

Start :: String Start = "Hello, world"

CLIST

   PROC 0
   WRITE Hello, World!

COBOL

   IDENTIFICATION DIVISION.
   PROGRAM-ID.     HELLO-WORLD.

ENVIRONMENT DIVISION.

DATA DIVISION.

PROCEDURE DIVISION. DISPLAY "Hello, world!". STOP RUN.

Common Lisp

   (format t "Hello world!~%")

DCL command language batch

   $ write sys$output "Hello World!"

Eiffel

   class HELLO_WORLD

creation make feature make is local io:BASIC_IO do !!io io.put_string("%N Hello, world!") end -- make end -- class HELLO_WORLD

Erlang

       -module(hello).
       -export([hello_world/0]).

hello_world() -> io:fwrite("Hello, world!\\n").

Forte TOOL

   begin TOOL HelloWorld;

includes Framework; HAS PROPERTY IsLibrary = FALSE;

forward Hello;

-- START CLASS DEFINITIONS

class Hello inherits from Framework.Object

has public method Init;

has property

shared=(allow=off, override=on); transactional=(allow=off, override=on); monitored=(allow=off, override=on); distributed=(allow=off, override=on);

   end class;
   -- END CLASS DEFINITIONS

-- START METHOD DEFINITIONS

------------------------------------------------------------ method Hello.Init begin super.Init();

task.Part.LogMgr.PutLine('HelloWorld!'); end method; -- END METHOD DEFINITIONS HAS PROPERTY

CompatibilityLevel = 0; ProjectType = APPLICATION; Restricted = FALSE; MultiThreaded = TRUE; Internal = FALSE; LibraryName = 'hellowor'; StartingMethod = (class = Hello, method = Init);

   end HelloWorld;

Forth

   ." Hello, world!" CR

Fortran

      PROGRAM HELLO
      WRITE(*,10)
   10 FORMAT('Hello, world!')
      STOP
      END

Haskell

   module HelloWorld (main) where

main = putStr "Hello World\\n"

Iptscrae

   ON ENTER {
       "Hello, " "World!" & SAY
   }

Io

   "Hello world!" print

or

   write("Hello world!\\n")

Java

   public class Hello {
       public static void main(String[] args) {
           System.out.println("Hello, world!");
       }
   }

Logo

   print [hello  world!]

Lua

   print("Hello, world!")

MIXAL

    TERM    EQU    19          the MIX console device number
            ORIG   1000        start address
    START   OUT    MSG(TERM)   output data at address MSG
            HLT                halt execution
    MSG     ALF    "MIXAL"
            ALF    " HELL"
            ALF    "O WOR"
            ALF    "LD   "
            END    START       end of the program

MSDOS batch

   @echo off
   echo Hello, world!

OCaml

   let _ =
      print_endline "Hello world!";;

OPL

   PROC hello:
     PRINT "Hello, World"
   ENDP

OPS5

   (object-class request
            ^action)

(startup (strategy MEA) (make request ^action hello) )

   (rule hello
      (request ^action hello)
      -->
        (write |Hello World!| (crlf))
   )

Pascal

   program Hello;
   begin
       writeln('Hello, world!');
   end.

Perl

   print "Hello, world!\\n";

PHP

   

Pike

   #!/usr/local/bin/pike
   int main() {
       write("Hello, world!\\n");
       return 0;
   }

PL/I

   Test: procedure options(main);
      declare My_String char(20) varying initialize('Hello, world!');
      put skip list(My_String);
   end Test;

Python

   print "Hello, world!"

REXX, also NetRexx and Object REXX

   say "Hello, world!"

Ruby

   puts "Hello, world!"

Sather

   class HELLO_WORLD is
     main is 
      #OUT+"Hello World\\n"; 
     end; 
   end;

Scheme

   (display "Hello, world!")
   (newline)

sed (requires at least one line of input)

   sed -ne '1s/.*/Hello, world!/p'

Self

   'Hello, World!' print.

Smalltalk

   Transcript show: 'Hello, world!'

SML

   print "Hello, world!\\n";

SNOBOL

       OUTPUT = "Hello, world!"
   END

SQL

   create table MESSAGE (TEXT char(15));
   insert into MESSAGE (TEXT) values ('Hello, world!');
   select TEXT from MESSAGE;
   drop table MESSAGE;

Or

   select 'Hello, world' from dual;

Or, more simply

   print 'Hello, World.'

Tcl

   puts "Hello, world!"

Turing

   put "Hello, world!"

UNIX-style shell

   echo 'Hello, world!'

Romanian pseudocode (UBB Cluj-Napoca)

   Algoritmul Salut este:
       fie s:="Hello, world";
       tipareste s;
   sf-Salut

Graphical User Interfaces - as traditional applications

C++ bindings for GTK graphics toolkit

   #include 
   #include 
   #include 
   #include 
   using namespace std;

class HelloWorld : public Gtk::Window { public: HelloWorld(); virtual ~HelloWorld(); protected: Gtk::Button m_button; virtual void on_button_clicked();

};

HelloWorld::HelloWorld() : m_button("Hello, world!") { set_border_width(10); m_button.signal_clicked().connect(SigC::slot(*this, &HelloWorld::on_button_clicked)); add(m_button); m_button.show(); }

HelloWorld::~HelloWorld() {}

void HelloWorld::on_button_clicked() { cout << "Hello, world!" << endl; }

int main (int argc, char *argv[]) { Gtk::Main kit(argc, argv); HelloWorld helloworld; Gtk::Main::run(helloworld); return 0; }

Java

   import java.awt.*;
   import java.awt.event.*;

public class HelloFrame extends Frame { HelloFrame(String title) { super(title); } public void paint(Graphics g) { super.paint(g); java.awt.Insets ins = this.getInsets(); g.drawString("Hello, world!", ins.left + 25, ins.top + 25); } public static void main(String args []) { HelloFrame fr = new HelloFrame("Hello");

fr.addWindowListener( new WindowAdapter() { public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) { System.exit( 0 ); } } ); fr.setResizable(true); fr.setSize(500, 100); fr.setVisible(true); } }

Qt toolkit (in C++)

   #include 
   #include 
   #include 
   #include 

class HelloWorld : public QWidget { Q_OBJECT

public: HelloWorld(); virtual ~HelloWorld(); public slots: void handleButtonClicked(); QPushButton *mPushButton; };

HelloWorld::HelloWorld() : QWidget(), mPushButton(new QPushButton("Hello, World!", this)) { connect(mPushButton, SIGNAL(clicked()), this, SLOT(handleButtonClicked())); }

HelloWorld::~HelloWorld() {}

void HelloWorld::handleButtonClicked() { std::cout << "Hello, World!" << std::endl; }

int main(int argc, char *argv[]) { QApplication app(argc, argv); HelloWorld helloWorld; app.setMainWidget(&helloWorld); helloWorld.show(); return app.exec(); }

AppleScript

   display dialog "Hello, world!"

Visual Basic

   MsgBox "Hello, world!"

Windows API (in C)

   #include 

LRESULT CALLBACK WindowProcedure(HWND, UINT, WPARAM, LPARAM);

char szClassName[] = "MainWnd"; HINSTANCE hInstance;

int WINAPI WinMain(HINSTANCE hInst, HINSTANCE hPrevInstance, LPSTR lpCmdLine, int nCmdShow) { HWND hwnd; MSG msg; WNDCLASSEX wincl;

hInstance = hInst; wincl.cbSize = sizeof(WNDCLASSEX); wincl.cbClsExtra = 0; wincl.cbWndExtra = 0; wincl.style = 0; wincl.hInstance = hInstance; wincl.lpszClassName = szClassName; wincl.lpszMenuName = NULL; //No menu wincl.lpfnWndProc = WindowProcedure; wincl.hbrBackground = (HBRUSH)(COLOR_WINDOW + 1); //Color of the window wincl.hIcon = LoadIcon(NULL, IDI_APPLICATION); //EXE icon wincl.hIconSm = LoadIcon(NULL, IDI_APPLICATION); //Small program icon wincl.hCursor = LoadCursor(NULL, IDC_ARROW); //Cursor if (!RegisterClassEx(&wincl)) return 0;

hwnd = CreateWindowEx(0, //No extended window styles szClassName, //Class name "", //Window caption WS_OVERLAPPEDWINDOW & ~WS_MAXIMIZEBOX, CW_USEDEFAULT, CW_USEDEFAULT, //Let Windows decide the left and top positions of the window 120, 50, //Width and height of the window, NULL, NULL, hInstance, NULL);

//Make the window visible on the screen ShowWindow(hwnd, nCmdShow); //Run the message loop while (GetMessage(&msg, NULL, 0, 0)) { TranslateMessage(&msg); DispatchMessage(&msg); } return msg.wParam; }

LRESULT CALLBACK WindowProcedure(HWND hwnd, UINT message, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam) { PAINTSTRUCT ps; HDC hdc; switch (message) { case WM_PAINT: hdc = BeginPaint(hwnd, &ps); TextOut(hdc, 15, 3, "Hello, world!", 13); EndPaint(hwnd, &ps); break; case WM_DESTROY: PostQuitMessage(0); break; default: return DefWindowProc(hwnd, message, wParam, lParam); } return 0; }

Graphical User Interfaces - Web browser based

Java applet

Java applets work in conjunction with HTML files.

   
   
   Hello World
   
   

HelloWorld Program says:

   
   

import java.applet.*; import java.awt.*;

public class HelloWorld extends Applet { public void paint(Graphics g) { g.drawString("Hello, world!", 100, 50); } }

JavaScript, aka ECMAScript

JavaScript is a scripting language used in HTML files. To demo this program Cut and Paste the following code into any HTML file.

      

Hello World Example

An easier method uses JavaScript implicitly, calling the reserved alert function. Cut and paste the following line inside the .... HTML tags.

    Hello World Example

An even easier method involves using popular browsers' support for the virtual 'javascript' protocol to execute JavaScript code. Enter the following as an Internet address (usually by pasting into the address box):

    javascript:alert('Hello, world!')

XUL

   
   
   
   

Document Formats

ASCII

The following sequence of characters, expressed in hexadecimal notation (with carriage return and newline characters at end of sequence):

    48 65 6C 6C 6F 2C 20 77 6F 72 6C 64 21 0D 0A

HTML

   
   
   Hello, world!
   
   
   Hello, world!
   
   

PostScript

   /Courier findfont 24 scalefont setfont
   100 100 moveto
   (Hello world!) show
   showpage

TeX

   \\font\\HW=cmr10 scaled 3000
   \\leftline{\\HW Hello world}
   \\bye

See also

External links


  

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. 
Modified by Geona