From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.
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| Rank: | 14th |
| Date of Birth: | April 23, 1897 |
| Place of Birth: | Newtonbrook, Ontario |
| Spouse: | Maryon Moody |
| Profession: | Politician |
| Political Party: | Liberal |
Lester Bowles "Mike" Pearson (April 23, 1897 - December 27, 1972) was the fourteenth Prime Minister of Canada from April 22, 1963 to April 20, 1968.
He was born in Newtonbrook, Ontario (now part of Toronto), the son of a Methodist preacher. He entered Victoria College at the University of Toronto in 1914, where he lived in residence in Gate House and shared a room with his brother Duke. While at the university he became a noted athlete excelling at both ice hockey and rugby. His studies were interrupted, however, when in 1916 he decided to enlist in the Canadian air force and fight in the First World War. After the war, he returned to school receiving his B.A. from the University of Toronto in 1919. He went on to Oxford University, where he received a B.A. in modern history in 1923 and an M.A. in 1925. In 1925 he also married Maryon Moody (1902-1991), with whom he had one daughter and one son.
After Oxford he returned to Canada and taught history at the University of Toronto before embarking on a career in the Department of External Affairs. He eventually ran for office and was made Foreign Minister in the government of Louis St. Laurent. In 1957, he was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize for his role in defusing the Suez Crisis through the United Nations. The United Nations Peacekeeping Force was Pearson's creation and he is considered the father of the modern concept of peacekeeping.
He was elected leader of the Liberal Party of Canada in 1958 and was elected Prime Minister in 1963. Pearson never had a majority in the House of Commons, but he introduced important social programs (including universal health care and the Canada Pension Plan), the maple leaf flag, and new initiatives in French-English relations. He also oversaw Canada's 1967 centennial celebrations before retiring.
Pearson died in Ottawa on December 27, 1972 and was buried in the nearby Gatineau Hills in the MacLaren Cemetery, Wakefield, Quebec. His successor Pierre Elliott Trudeau renamed Toronto International Airport in Toronto, Ontario to Pearson International Airport in his honor.
Pearson is also honored by a United World College, the Lester B. Pearson College in Victoria, British Columbia, the Lester B. Pearson Schoolboard in Montreal, and the National Hockey League's Lester B. Pearson Award to the most valuable player as judged by his peers.
| Preceded by: John Diefenbaker |
Prime Minister of Canada | Followed by: Pierre Trudeau |
