From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.
Lebanon has suffered constant attacks, from within and from all sides, since its most recent independence from French rule, in 1943.
In 1948, Lebanon absorbed a great number of Palestinian refugees from Israel.
"Israeli troops occupied 28 villages named by the "seven villages". on October of the same year, Hagana gangs attacked a small village near the borders with palestine which name is Hula (حولا) killing over 90 cvilians. See more in Hula_massacre.
In 1958, Arab Druze and Sunni forces, supported in part by Syria, tried to overthrow the government. This led to political chaos and many civilian deaths, and was eventually suppressed by further foreign intervention (this time by the US).
In 1967, during the Six Days War, "the Shebaa Farms region of Lebanon was occupied, as well as Kfarshouba farms, while Israel was invading Syria."
"On 29 December 1969, Israeli airplaes attacked Beirut International Airport and destroyed 13 grounded planes."
In 1975, another civil war started between the Lebanese Front and the PLO. "During one Israeli intervention, 9 Lebanese were killed at Aitharoun. On 15 Octobre 1975, an Israeli tank ran over a car carrying 16 people near Kounin, killing them."
In 1976, Syria entered Lebanon, with the blessing of the Arab League and the apply of the Lebanese goverment, to avoid further Israeli intervention. "On 21 Octobre, the crowded market in Bint Jbeil was hit by Israeli bombs, killing 23 people."
On 14 March 1978, Israel invaded Lebanon in part to fight the PLO, "in what was known as the "Litani operation". On 19 March of that year, the UNSC adopted the a resolution ordering Israel to withdraw immediately from Lebanon.
In 1981, before the second full Israeli invasion of Lebanon, Israel lauched a number of artillery and air raids on Lebanese targets:
Terrorism within Lebanon
Before 1967
Between 1967 and 1982
| Attack | Date | Description | Party | Civilian Casualties* |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Saida Massacre | April/4/1981 | One of Saida’s residential areas was targeted by Israeli artillery. | Israel | 20 |
| Fakhani Massacre | July/17/1981 | Israeli warplanes raided a crowded residential area in Fakhani. | Israel | 150? |
| Beirut Massacre | July/17/1981 | Israeli warplanes raided many parts of Beirut, Ouzai, Ramlet Al baida, fakhani, chatila and the area of the Arab University, resulting in many civilian casualties. | Israel | 150? |
* These are Lebanese casualty estimates.
Between 1982 and 1990
Israel invaded Lebanon again in 1982, and occupied Beirut. Two months later, a multinational peacekeeping force arrived, but left in 1984. In 1985, Israeli troops withdrew from southern Lebanon, after which civil war began again; a coalition of the Druze and Shiite arabs with the PLO defeated Lebanese forces in southern Lebanon.
| Attack | Date | Description | Party | Civilian Casualties* |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Jibasheet | March/27/1984 | ? | Israel | 7 |
| Sohmor Massacre | March/27/1984 | Inhabitants were "ordered to congregate at the town's mosque where they [were fired upon] by Israelis". | Israel | 13 |
| Seer Al Garbiah | Feb/23/1985 | Shelling of the Al-Husseinieh building? | Israel | 7 |
| Maaraka | March/5/1985 | An explosion during aid distribution | ? | 15 |
| Zrariah Massacre | March/11/1985 | 22 civilians killed after the town was taken | Israel | 22 |
| Homeen Al-Tahta | March/21/1985 | Inhabitants gathered inside schoolhouse, which was then destroyed | Israel | 20 |
| Yohmor | April/13/1985 | Soldiers in civilian cars opened fire on houses | ? | 10 |
| Tiri Massacre | August/17/1986 | The town was captured and the populace brutalized, with the cutting off of hands and ears | Israel | 4 (79w) |
| Al-Naher Al-Bared Palestinian camp | December/11/1986 | Air raid. | Israel | 20 |
| Ain Al-Hillwee Palestinian camp | Sep/5/1987 | Air raids. | Israel | 64 |
* All casualty estimates assumed from Lebanese sources
Since 1990
Aramta, April/15/1994 : Israelis blockaded the town and detained its inhabitants, killing two people
Qana Massacre, 18 April 1996: Israeli Defense Force shelled the United Nations headquarters with cluster bombs, killing 102 civilians.
Western Bekaa villages, Dec/29/1999 , during the eid festival: an Israeli air raid killed 8
Also in 1999, a guerilla raid on the Lebanese army, suspected to have been tied to the Al-Qaeda network
Also many casualties after liberation of the south on May 25, 2000 (Israeli land mines were the main cause of death).
