Wikipedia: Orders of magnitude (length)

Orders of magnitude (length)
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.

This is a list of orders of magnitude for length. Other lists for time, area, volume, mass and dimensionless numbers are also available, and an overview is at order of magnitude.

10^-35 m
- 1.6×10^-35 is approximately one Planck length; lengths smaller than this do not make any physical sense, according to current theories of physics
[...]
10^-18 m = 1 attometre (am)
- size of a quark
10^-15 m = 1 femtometre (fm)
- size of a proton
- classical electron
10^-14 m
- scale of the atomic nucleus
- range of the weak nuclear force
10^-13 m
- Compton wavelength of electron
10^-12 m = 1 picometre (pm)
- wavelength of gamma rays
- wavelength of shortest X-rays: 5pm
10^-11 m
- radius of Hydrogen atom: 25pm
- radius of Helium atom: 31 pm
10^-10 m = 1 Ångström
- wavelength of X rays
- 100 pm (0.1 nm) -- covalent radius of sulfur atom
- 126 pm (0.126 nm) -- covalent radius of ruthenium atom
- 135 pm (0.135 nm) -- covalent radius of technetium atom
- 153 pm (0.153 nm) -- covalent radius of silver atom
- 154 pm (0.154 nm) -- length of a typical covalent bond (C-C).
- 155 pm (0.155 nm) -- covalent radius of zirconium atom
- 175 pm (0.175 nm) -- covalent radius of thulium atom
- 225 pm (0.225 nm) -- covalent radius of cesium atom
- 500 pm (0.50 nm) -- width of protein α helix
10^-9 m = 1 nanometre (nm)
- diameter of DNA helix: 2nm
10^-8 m = 10 nm
- 20 nm -- thickness of bacterial flagellum
- 40 nm -- extreme ultraviolet wavelength
- 90 nm -- Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) (generally, viruses range in size from 20 nm to 450 nm)
- 90% of particles in wood smoke are smaller than 100 nm.
10^-7 m = 100 nm
- size of chromosomes
- 100 nm -- maximum particle size that can fit through a surgical mask
- 120 nm -- Maximum particle size that can fit through a ULPA filter[1]
- 280 nm -- near ultraviolet wavelength
- 300 nm -- Maximum particle size that can fit through a HEPA filter
- 380-430 nm -- wavelength of violet light -- see color and optical spectrum
- 430-450 nm -- wavelength of indigo light
- 450-500 nm -- wavelength of blue light
- 500-520 nm -- wavelength of cyan light
- 520-565 nm -- wavelength of green light
- 565-590 nm -- wavelength of yellow light
- 590-625 nm -- wavelength of orange light
- 625-740 nm -- wavelength of red light
10^-6 m = 1 micrometre aka micron (μm)
- 1-10 µm -- diameter of typical bacterium
- 1.55 µm -- Wavelength of light used in optical fibre
- 6-8 µm -- diameter of a human red blood cell
- 6 μm -- anthrax spore
- 7 µm -- width of strand of spider web [1]
- 7 µm -- diameter of the nucleus of typical eukariotic cell
10^-5 m = 10 μm
- approximately 10 µm: size of a fog, mist or cloud water droplet
- 10 μm -- width of cotton fibre
- 10.6 µm -- wavelength of light emitted by a carbon dioxide laser
- 12 µm -- Width of acrylic fibre
- 13 µm -- Width of nylon fibre
- 14 µm -- Width of polyester fibre
- 15 µm -- Width of silk fibre
- 17 µm -- Dust mite excreta ¹
- 20 µm -- Width of wool fibre
- 25.4 µm -- 1/1000 inch, commonly referred to as 1 mil
- 50 µm -- typical length of Euglena gracilis, a flagellate protist
- 80 µm -- average width of human hair (ranges from 18 to 180 µm)
10^-4 m = 100 μm
- 125 μm -- dust mite
- 200 µm -- Typical length of Paramecium caudatum, a ciliate protist
- 500 µm -- MEMS micro-engine
- 500 µm -- diameter of a human ovum
- 500 µm -- Typical length of Amoeba proteus, an amoeboid protist
10^-3 m = 1 millimetre (mm)
- 2.54 mm -- distance between pins in old DIP (dual-inline-pins) electronic components
- 5 mm -- length of average red ant
- 7.62 mm -- common military ammunition size
10^-2 m = 1 centimetre (cm)
- 1.5 cm -- length of a large mosquito.
- 2.54 cm -- 1 inch
- 3.1 cm -- 1 attoparsec (10^-18 parsecs)
- 4.267 cm -- diameter of a golfball
10^-1 m = 10 cm
- 10 cm -- wavelength of the highest UHF radio frequency, 3 GHz
- 10 cm -- diameter of the cervix upon entering the second stage of labour
- 12 cm -- wavelength of the 2.45 GHz ISM radio band
- 15 cm -- height of a Lilliputian from Gulliver's Travels
- 30.48 cm -- 1 foot
- 50-65 cm -- a pizote's tail
- 66 cm -- length of the longest pine cones (produced by the Sugar pine)
- 89 cm -- average adult height of a Hobbit
- 90 cm -- average length of a rapier, a fencing sword
- 91 cm -- 1 yard
1 m
- 1 m -- wavelength of the lowest UHF and highest VHF radio frequency, 300 MHz
- 1.7 m (5 feet 7 inches) -- average person's height
- 1.435m -- Standard gauge of railway track
- 2.77 - 3.44 m -- wavelength of the broadcast radio FM band 108 - 87 MHz
- 3.048 m -- (10 feet) height of the basket in basketball
- 5.5 m -- height of tallest animal, the giraffe
10 m
- 10 m -- wavelength of the lowest VHF and highest shortwave radio frequency, 30 MHz
- 18.44 m -- distance between the pitcher's rubber and home plate on a baseball field
- 20 m -- length of a cricket pitch
- 21 m -- height of High Force waterfall in England.
- 23 m -- height of the obelisk of the Place de la Concorde, Paris.
- 25 m -- wavelength of the broadcast radio shortwave band at 12 MHz
- 27.43 m -- distance between bases on a baseball field
- 30 m -- length of a blue whale, the largest animal
- 31 m -- wavelength of the broadcast radio shortwave band at 9.7 MHz
- 40 m -- average depth beneath the seabed of the Channel tunnel
- 49 m -- width of American football field (53 1/3 yards)
- 49 m -- wavelength of the broadcast radio shortwave band at 6.1 MHz
- 52 m -- height of Niagara Falls
- 55 m -- height of the Leaning Tower of Pisa
- 60 m -- Pyramid of Djoser
- 70 m -- width of soccer field
- 70 m -- length of the Bayeux Tapestry
- 91.44 m -- length of American football field (100 yards, measured between the goal lines)
100 m
- 100 m -- wavelength of the lowest shortwave radio frequency and highest medium wave radio frequency, 3 MHz
- 105 m -- length of a soccer field
- 109.73 m -- total length of a American football field (120 yards, including the end zones)
- 112.34 m -- height of the world's tallest tree, a Coast redwood
- 137 m -- height of the Great Pyramid of Giza
- 147 m -- original height of the Great Pyramid of Giza
- 168 m -- height of the Bungsberg, highest point in Schleswig-Holstein, Germany
- 187 m -- shortest wavelength of the broadcast radio AM band, 1600 kHz
- 193 m -- the approximate length of New Jersey State Highway 59
- 244 m -- height of the City Gate building in Ramat-Gan, Israel
- 300 m -- height of the Eiffel Tower
- 340 m -- distance sound travels in air in one second; see speed of sound
- 400-500m -- approximate heights of the world's tallest skyscrapers of the past 70 years.
- 541 m -- (1,776 ft) -- height of the planned Freedom Tower at the World Trade Center site
- 553.33 m -- height of the CN Tower, the world's tallest free-standing land structure
- 555 m -- longest wavelength of the broadcast radio AM band, 540 kHz
- 647 m -- height of the Warszawa radio mast, formerly the tallest man-made structure, collapsed in 1991
1 000 m = 1 kilometre (km)
- 1 km -- wavelength of the lowest medium wave radio frequency, 300 kHz
- 1609 m = 1 international mile
- 1852 m = 1 nautical mile
- 8850 m -- height of the highest mountain, Mount Everest
10 000 m = 10 km
- 11,518 m -- Mindanao deep
- 35 km -- width of the English Channel
100 000 m = 100 km
10⁶ m = 1 000 km
- 3 480 km -- diameter of the Moon
- 6 400 km -- length of the Great Wall of China
10⁷ m = 10 000 km
- 12 756 km = diameter of the Earth
- 40 000 km = circumference of the Earth
10⁸ m = 100 000 km
- 384 000 km -- Moon's orbital distance from Earth
10⁹ m = 1 million km
- 1 390 000 km -- diameter of the Sun
10¹⁰ m = 10 million km
10¹¹ m = 100 million km
- 150 million km -- 1 astronomical unit (AU); mean distance between Earth and Sun.
10¹² m = 1 billion km
- 1.4 billion km -- orbital distance of Saturn from Sun
- 6 billion km -- orbital distance of Pluto from Sun
10¹³ m = 10 billion km
10¹⁴ m = 100 billion km
10¹⁵ m = 1 trillion km
- 9.5 trillion km = 1 light year -- distance travelled by light in one year
10¹⁶ m
- 3.26 light years -- 1 parsec
- 4.2 light years -- distance to nearest star (Proxima Centauri)
10¹⁷ m
10¹⁸ m
10¹⁹ m
10²⁰ m
- 100 000 light years -- diameter of galactic disk of Milky Way Galaxy
10²¹ m
- 52 kiloparsecs or 1.6 × 10²¹ m -- distance to the Large Magellanic Cloud (a dwarf galaxy orbiting the Milky Way)
- 54 kiloparsecs or 1.66 × 10²¹ m -- distance to the Small Magellanic Cloud (another dwarf galaxy orbiting the Milky Way)
10²² m
- 22.3 Zm or 2.36 million light years or 725 kiloparsecs - distance to Andromeda Galaxy
- 50 Zm or 1.6 Mpc - diameter of Local Group of galaxies
10²³ m
- 300-600 Zm or 10-20 megaparsecs - distance to Virgo cluster of galaxies
10²⁴ m
- 200 million light years or 2 Ym or 60 megaparsecs -- diameter of the Local Supercluster
- 500 million light years or 5 Ym or 150 megaparsecs -- length of Great Wall, the largest observed superstructure.
10²⁵ m
10²⁶ m
- 10 billion light years -- estimated distance to certain quasars, the farthest observed objects in the Universe
- 13.7 billion light years -- distance the cosmic background radiation has traveled since the Big bang

See also: SI, SI prefixes, SI base units, units, length, orders of magnitude