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The Prague Trials was anti-Semitic political campaign in Czechoslovakia, where on November 20, 1952 Rudolf Slansky, General Secretary of the Czech Communist party, and 13 other Communist leaders (11 of them Jews) were accused of participating in a Trotsky-Tito-Zionist conspiracy, convicted and executed. The background of the trials, was the attempt to put blame for Stalinist crimes in Czechoslovakia on Jewish communists.
This campaign was an extension of Stalin's struggle with "rootless cosmopolitanism" and it took place after the processes of Yiddish writers in 1948-1952 (see Solomon Mikhoels) and before the Doctors' plot of 1953 in the USSR.
