Rulers of Tuscany
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Unofficial Medici Rulers of Florence, 1434-1531

• Cosimo de' Medici 1434-1464
• Piero I de' Medici 1464-1469 ("The Gouty")
• Lorenzo I de' Medici 1469-1492 ("The Magnificent")
• Giuliano de' Medici 1469-1478
• Piero II de' Medici 1492-1494
• Republic restored 1494-1512
• Cardinal Giovanni de' Medici 1512-1513
• Lorenzo II de' Medici 1513-1519
• Cardinal Giulio de' Medici 1519-1523
• Ippolito de' Medici 1523-1527
• Alessandro de' Medici 1523-1527
• Republic restored 1527-1530
• Alessandro de' Medici 1530-1531

Medici Dukes of Florence, 1531-1569

• Alessandro de' Medici 1531-1537
• Cosimo I de' Medici 1537-1569

Medici Grand Dukes of Tuscany, 1569-1737

• Cosimo I de' Medici 1569-1574
• Francesco de' Medici 1574-1587
• Ferdinando I de' Medici 1587-1609
• Cosimo II de' Medici 1609-1621
• Ferdinando II de' Medici 1621-1670
• Cosimo III de' Medici 1670-1723
• Gian Gastone de' Medici 1723-1737

Habsburg-Lorraine Grand Dukes of Tuscany, 1737-1801

• Francis Stephen 1737-1765
• Peter Leopold 1765-1790
• Ferdinand III 1790-1801

Bourbon-Parma Kings of Etruria, 1801-1807

• Louis 1801-1803
• Charles Louis 1803-1807

Tuscany was annexed by France, 1807-1814

Habsburg-Lorraine Grand Dukes of Tuscany, 1814-1860

• Ferdinand III (restored) 1814-1824
• Leopold II 1824-1848
• provisional republic 1848-1849
• Leopold II (restored) 1849-1859
• Ferdinand IV 1859-1860

Tuscany annexed by Piedmont-Sardinia, 1860

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